Search results for "difference [rapidity]"

showing 10 items of 82 documents

Coaxial Slot Antenna Design for Microwave Hyperthermia using Finite- Difference Time-Domain and Finite Element Method

2011

Hyperthermia also called thermal therapy or thermotherapy is a type of cancer treatment in which body tissue is exposed to high temperatures. Research has shown that high temperatures can damage and kill cancer cells, usually with minimal injury to normal tissues. Otherwise, ablation or high temperature hyperthermia, including lasers and the use of radiofrequency, microwaves, and high-intensity focused ultrasound, are gaining attention as an alternative to standard sur- gical therapies. The electromagnetic microwave irradiation applied to the tumor tissue causes water molecules to vibrate and rotate, resulting in tissue heating and subsequently cell death via thermal-induced protein denatur…

HyperthermiaMaterials scienceAcousticsNumerical analysisFinite-difference time-domain methodSlot antennaLasermedicine.diseaseFinite element methodlaw.inventionlawmedicineCoaxialMicrowaveThe Open Nanomedicine Journal
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Does hospital competition harm equity? Evidence from the English National Health Service

2011

Increasing evidence shows that hospital competition under fixed prices can improve quality and reduce cost. Concerns remain, however, that competition may undermine socio-economic equity in the utilisation of care. We test this hypothesis in the context of the pro-competition reforms of the English National Health Service progressively introduced from 2004 to 2006. We use a panel of 32,482 English small areas followed from 2003 to 2008 and a difference in differences approach. The effect of competition on equity is identified by the interaction between market structure, small area income deprivation and year. We find a negative association between market competition and elective admissions …

InequalityNational Health Programsmedia_common.quotation_subjectNegative associationMarket structurePoverty AreasEconomicsHumansEconomics HospitalHealthcare Disparitieshealth care economics and organizationsmedia_commonEquity (economics)Market competitionEconomic CompetitionPublic economicsHealth PolicyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthNational health serviceDifference in differencesHarmEnglandSocioeconomic FactorsSettore SECS-P/03 - Scienza Delle FinanzeSmall-Area AnalysisCompetition Hospital InequalityDemographic economicsRA
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Early and midterm outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds for ostial coronary lesions: insights from the GHOST-EU registry.

2016

Aims: We aimed to investigate the outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) in coronary ostial lesions. Ostial lesions represent a challenging angiographic subset, with higher event rates compared with non-ostial lesions. BVS might be associated with advantages over the long term, but their safety in this setting remains to be explored. Methods and results: Procedural and 12-month follow-up data from consecutive patients treated with BVS for lesions located at the ostium of the right (RCA), left anterior (LAD) or circumflex (LCX) coronary in 11 European centres were collected. The primary device-oriented endpoint was defined as a combination of cardiovascular death, target vessel m…

LCX (29Target lesionMale52%). Patients presenting with ostial lesions did not differ from the remaining cohort except for a higher incidence of prior revascularisation. Predilation was performed in 97% of the lesions (vs. 96% in non-ostialp= 0.035)medicine.medical_treatmentMyocardial Infarction304 patients with a mean age of 62 +/- 11years. There were 90 ostial lesions (5.8%) in 84 patients (6.4%) located at the ostial RCA (14Coronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCoronary artery diseasebut their safety in this setting remains to be explored. Methods and results: Procedural and 12-month follow-up data from consecutive patients treated with BVS for lesions located at the ostium of the right (RCA)0302 clinical medicineAbsorbable Implants030212 general & internal medicineMyocardial infarctionCircumflexRegistriesTissue Scaffolds32%)Drug-Eluting StentsMiddle AgedThrombosisCoronary VesselsAims: We aimed to investigate the outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) in coronary ostial lesions. Ostial lesions represent a challenging angiographic subset with higher event rates compared with non-ostial lesions. BVS might be associated with advantages over the long term but their safety in this setting remains to be explored. Methods and results: Procedural and 12-month follow-up data from consecutive patients treated with BVS for lesions located at the ostium of the right (RCA) left anterior (LAD) or circumflex (LCX) coronary in 11 European centres were collected. The primary device-oriented endpoint was defined as a combination of cardiovascular death target vessel myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularisation. The database included a total of 1549 lesions in 1304 patients with a mean age of 62 +/- 11years. There were 90 ostial lesions (5.8%) in 84 patients (6.4%) located at the ostial RCA (14; 16%) LCX (29; 32%) or LAD (47; 52%). Patients presenting with ostial lesions did not differ from the remaining cohort except for a higher incidence of prior revascularisation. Predilation was performed in 97% of the lesions (vs. 96% in non-ostial p= 0.618) post-dilation in 43% (versus 58% in the non-ostial group p= 0.008). At quantitative coronary angiography treatment of ostial lesions was associated with higher residual stenosis (30% [23-41] vs. 26% [20-37] p= 0.035) but no difference in minimum lumen diameter existed (p= 0.447). Follow-up data were available at 385 [362-465] days. The 12-month Kaplan-Meier estimated rates of scaffold thrombosis were 4.9% and 2.0% (ostial and non-ostial lesion groups respectively log-rank p= 0.005). The device-oriented composite endpoint occurred respectively in 12.6% and 4.6% at 12 months (log-rank p= 0.001). Treatment of ostial lesions was an independent predictor of this endpoint (p= 0.0025 HR 2.65 [1.41-4.97]).OstiumAims: We aimed to investigate the outcomes of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) in coronary ostial lesions. Ostial lesions represent a challenging angiographic subsetTreatment Outcomein 12.6% and 4.6% at 12 months (log-rank p= 0.001). Treatment of ostial lesions was an independent predictor of this endpoint (p= 0.0025CardiologyFemale549 lesions in 1medicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineAdultpost-dilation in 43% (versus 58% in the non-ostial groupmedicine.medical_specialtyor LAD (47HR 2.65 [1.41-4.97])but no difference in minimum lumen diameter existed (p= 0.447). Follow-up data were available at 385 [362-465] days. The 12-month Kaplan-Meier estimated rates of scaffold thrombosis were 4.9% and 2.0% (ostial and non-ostial lesion groupsrespectivelyLesion03 medical and health sciencesPercutaneous Coronary Interventionwith higher event rates compared with non-ostial lesions. BVS might be associated with advantages over the long termleft anterior (LAD) or circumflex (LCX) coronary in 11 European centres were collected. The primary device-oriented endpoint was defined as a combination of cardiovascular deathInternal medicinemedicineHumanstarget vessel myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularisation. The database included a total of 1Agedp= 0.008). At quantitative coronary angiographybusiness.industryPercutaneous coronary interventionp= 0.618)treatment of ostial lesions was associated with higher residual stenosis (30% [23-41] vs. 26% [20-37]log-rank p= 0.005). The device-oriented composite endpoint occurredmedicine.diseaseSurgery16%)businessEuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology
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Transmission properties at microwave frequencies of two-dimensional metallic lattices

1999

The transmission properties of different metallic photonic lattices (square and rectangular) have been experimentally studied. A numerical algorithm based on time domain finite differences has been used for simulating these photonic structures. The introduction of defects in the two-dimensional metallic lattice modifies its transmission spectrum. If metal rods are eliminated from (or added to) the lattice, extremely narrow peaks are observed at some particular frequencies below (or above) the band pass edge. Vicente.Such@uv.es ; Enrique.Navarro@uv.es

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryUNESCO::FÍSICAFinite difference methodMetals ; Photonic band gap ; Electromagnetic wave transmission ; Microwave spectra ; Finite difference time-domain analysisGeneral Physics and AstronomyFinite difference time-domain analysisPhotonic band gapRodMicrowave spectraBand-pass filterMetals:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Lattice (order)Time domainElectromagnetic wave transmissionPhotonicsbusinessMicrowavePhotonic crystalJournal of Applied Physics
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SOIL IONIZATION DUE TO HIGH PULSE TRANSIENT CURRENTS LEAKED BY EARTH ELECTRODES

2009

This paper proposes a numerical model of the soil ionization phenomena that can occur when earth electrodes are injected by high pulse transient currents, as the one associated with a direct lightning stroke. Based on finite difference time domain numerical scheme, this model ascribes the electrical breakdown in the soil to the process of discharge in the air. In fact, as soon as the local electric field overcomes the electrical strength, the air in the voids trapped among soil particles is ionized, and the current is conducted by ionized plasma paths locally grown. The dimension of these ionized air channels is strictly dependent upon the local temperature. Thus, a local heat balance is en…

Materials scienceFinite-difference time-domain methodElectrical breakdownPlasmaMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPulse (physics)Settore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaElectric fieldIonizationTransient (oscillation)transient currentsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCurrent (fluid)numerical modelfinite difference schemeProgress In Electromagnetics Research B
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Guiding and reflecting light by boundary material

2003

We study effects of finite height and surrounding material on photonic crystal slabs of one- and two-dimensional photonic crystals with a pseudo-spectral method and finite difference time domain simulation methods. The band gap is shown to be strongly modified by the boundary material. As an application we suggest reflection and guiding of light by patterning the material on top/below the slab.

Materials scienceSilicon photonicssilicon photonicsBand gapbusiness.industryFinite-difference time-domain methodFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsBoundary (topology)optical waveguidesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsphotonic band gap materialsReflection (physics)Slabphotonic crystal slabsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessRefractive indexPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Photonic crystalOptics Communications
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Time-resolved FDTD and experimental FTIR study of gold micropatch arrays for wavelength-selective mid-infrared optical coupling

2021

The work was partially supported by Sweden's innovation agency Vinnova (Large area CVD graphene-based sensors/IR-photodetectors 2020-00797) and EU CAMART2 project (European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No.739508). TY acknowledges European Regional Development Fund Project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/740.

Materials sciencenano fabricationInfraredFDTDMathematicsofComputing_GENERALInfrared spectroscopyPhotodetectorTP1-118502 engineering and technologyFar field opticsInfrared sensing7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistrynear field opticsAnalytical Chemistry010309 opticselectron beam lithography0103 physical sciencesTransmittanceArray data structureElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationinfrared sensingNear field opticsbusiness.industryChemical technologyCommunicationNear-field opticsFinite-difference time-domain methodmetal micropatch arrays021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfar field opticsWavelengthFTIR:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]OptoelectronicsElectron beam lithography0210 nano-technologybusinessMetal micropatch arraysNano fabrication
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On the Catalytic Effect of Water in the Intramolecular Diels–Alder Reaction of Quinone Systems: A Theoretical Study

2012

The mechanism of the intramolecular Diels#8211;Alder (IMDA) reaction of benzoquinone 1, in the absence and in the presence of three water molecules, 1w, has been studied by means of density functional theory (DFT) methods, using the M05-2X and B3LYP functionals for exploration of the potential energy surface (PES). The energy and geometrical results obtained are complemented with a population analysis using the NBO method, and an analysis based on the global, local and group electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices. Both implicit and explicit solvation emphasize the increase of the polarity of the reaction and the reduction of activation free energies associated with the transition stat…

Models MolecularImplicit solvationPopulationpolar Diels–Alder reactionsMolecular ConformationPharmaceutical SciencePhotochemistryArticleCatalysisAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryDFT reactivity indicesComputer SimulationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationDiels–Alder reactioneducation.field_of_studyCycloaddition ReactionChemistryOrganic Chemistryintramolecular Diels–Alder reactionsSolvationQuinonesWaterHydrogen Bondingwater catalysisBenzoquinoneTransition stateModels ChemicalChemistry (miscellaneous)Intramolecular forceMolecular MedicineQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsDensity functional theorylocal reactivity difference indexDiterpenesAlgorithmsMolecules
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FDTD analysis of E-sectoral horn antennas for broad-band applications

1997

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied to study the performance of E-plane sectoral horn antennas designed for broad-band applications. These antennas (proposed for 6-18 GHz phased arrays) have a large bandwidth, and they are easily array integrated. These antennas have a highly complicated geometry that is modeled using a polygonal approximation in the curved boundaries. Perfect matched layers (PMLs) combined with first-order absorbing boundaries are employed to simulate the free-space environment in the FDTD mesh.

OpticsDirectional antennabusiness.industryBandwidth (signal processing)Finite-difference time-domain methodBroad bandElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessMathematicsIEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation
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Customised pressure profiles of made-to-measure sports compression garments

2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to make made-to-measure compression garments that elicit pressures within and below clinical standards. The study also examined whether pressures and gradients can be replicated within and between participants’ legs, and between separate compression garment conditions. Ten males volunteered to participate. Based on three-dimensional scans of the participants’ lower body, three different made-to-measure garments were manufactured: control, symmetrical and asymmetrical. Garment pressures were assessed from the malleolus to the gluteal fold using a pressure monitoring device. A root mean squared difference analysis was used to calculate the in vivo linear …

OrthodonticsPressure reductionbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPeak pressureBiomedical EngineeringPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation030229 sport sciencesCompression garmentCompression (physics)Malleolus03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLower bodymedicine.anatomical_structureMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationDifference analysisMedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineAnklebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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